Tree seedlings for windbreaks can help remove carbon dioxide out
of the air, save energy, control erosion, offer habitat for wildlife,
and protect buildings, crops, and livestock from wind.
Trees and shrubs cool in the summer and reduce wind chill in the
winter. An effective windbreak on three sides of a building can reduce
annual fuel costs by as much as 30 percent. Summer air temperatures in
tree shade can be as much as 25 degrees Fahrenheit cooler than in
direct sun.
Properly located windbreaks and shelterbelts can act as snow fences by
preventing drifts from accumulating on roads and near buildings. Tree
barriers also provide cover and food for deer, small mammals,
pheasants, grouse and other birds, and provide nesting places for
small, insect-eating birds. Use care when designing a windbreak and
seek help from local experts.
Many of the native shrubs have edible berries for wildlife consumption.
There are also many you can choose from which will produce berries that
can be used to make jams or jellies.
Some of my favorites shrubs and trees include golden currant,
cotoneaster, sumac, New Mexico privet, bur oak, Rocky Mountain juniper
and White Fir.
All these do well in Wyoming; however, some are more adapted to certain
locations, and local University of Wyominf Cooperative Extension Service and conservation district offices can give
advice on which species work best in a location. They also have
planting and spacing information.
Do not be afraid to plant small trees or shrubs, as research shows that
over a 10-year time period these small trees will generally outgrow
larger balled and burlap or container grown plants that are planted at
the same time. Research also shows root establishment takes at least
one year per inch diameter of the tree. This is one reason why larger
trees seem to not grow for several years. My experience has shown
almost twice the height difference from a seedling tree over a balled
and burlap tree after 10 years.
The key for faster growth is keeping weeds and grass away from trees
and shrubs for the first 5 years, and providing adequate moisture. Also,
using organic mulch is very beneficial.
